Question:
A schizophrenia patient on haloperidol was responding well for the last 2 years. Now he presents with orofacial dyskinesia, choreiform, tic-like movements, and dystonia features. What can be the probable diagnosis and treatment?
A schizophrenia patient on haloperidol was responding well for the last 2 years. Now he presents with orofacial dyskinesia, choreiform, tic-like movements, and dystonia features. What can be the probable diagnosis and treatment?
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Long-term antipsychotic use with orofacial involuntary movements = tardive dyskinesia; treatment includes valbenazine.
Updated On: May 14, 2026
- Acute dystonia -- Ropinirole
- Tardive dyskinesia -- Valbenazine
- Akathisia -- Propranolol
- Oral tremor -- Amantadine
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
Tardive dyskinesia is a late-onset extrapyramidal side effect of long-term antipsychotic use, especially typical antipsychotics like haloperidol. It commonly causes involuntary orofacial movements.
Step 1: Identify the drug exposure.
The patient has been taking haloperidol for 2 years. Long-term dopamine blockade increases the risk of tardive dyskinesia.
Step 2: Identify the movement disorder.
The features are: \[ \text{Orofacial dyskinesia + choreiform movements + tic-like movements} \] These are typical of tardive dyskinesia.
Step 3: Choose treatment.
Valbenazine is a VMAT2 inhibitor used for treatment of tardive dyskinesia. Therefore, the correct answer is Tardive dyskinesia -- Valbenazine.
Step 1: Identify the drug exposure.
The patient has been taking haloperidol for 2 years. Long-term dopamine blockade increases the risk of tardive dyskinesia.
Step 2: Identify the movement disorder.
The features are: \[ \text{Orofacial dyskinesia + choreiform movements + tic-like movements} \] These are typical of tardive dyskinesia.
Step 3: Choose treatment.
Valbenazine is a VMAT2 inhibitor used for treatment of tardive dyskinesia. Therefore, the correct answer is Tardive dyskinesia -- Valbenazine.
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