Question

A male patient with pallor, weakness, and easy fatigability. His blood report shows MCV 53, TIBC- Increased. What is your diagnosis?

• A. Iron deficiency anemia
• B. Vitamin B12 deficiency
• C. Folate deficiency
• D. Thalassemia

Hint:

Iron deficiency anemia presents with low MCV and increased TIBC, making it the most common cause of microcytic anemia.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To diagnose the correct condition based on the given blood report and symptoms, let's analyze the data:

1. The patient exhibits pallor, weakness, and easy fatigability. These symptoms are often associated with anemia.
2. The MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) is 53, which is significantly lower than the normal range (80-100 fL), indicating microcytic (small cell) anemia.
3. TIBC (Total Iron Binding Capacity) is increased. This measurement represents the blood's capacity to bind iron with transferrin. An elevated TIBC is commonly seen in conditions where iron is deficient, as the body increases transferrin to maximize iron uptake from available sources.

Given the options and the characteristics above:

• Iron deficiency anemia: This condition is microcytic and hypochromic, with low MCV and increased TIBC, aligning perfectly with the patient's lab results.
• Vitamin B12 deficiency: Typically presents with macrocytic (high MCV) and megaloblastic anemia, which doesn't match the patient's low MCV.
• Folate deficiency: Like Vitamin B12 deficiency, it leads to macrocytic anemia, again conflicting with the low MCV.
• Thalassemia: Can present with microcytic anemia, but TIBC is not typically increased; it is often normal or low in this condition.

Thus, based on the lab results and symptoms, the most accurate diagnosis is Iron deficiency anemia.