Explanation:
1. As earthworms dig through the soil, they create passages that help air and water circulate. This helps plant roots get the oxygen they need to grow.
These tunnels also help improve the excess water seeping into the soil.
2. Earthworms consume dead plants and animal matter, which breaks it down into smaller pieces. This organic matter can provide nutrients to plants.
3. Earthworm castings, or poop, are a nutrient-rich fertilizer that helps plants grow.
| Column I | Column II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Calotropis | p. | Invertebrates |
| 2. | Pisaster | q. | Distasteful |
| 3. | Monarch butterfly | r. | Cryptically colored |
| 4. | Frogs | s. | Cardioglycoside |
Match Column I and Column I
| Column I | Column II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Narrowly utilitarian argument | p | Conserving biodiversity for major ecosystem services |
| 2 | Broadly utilitarian argument | q | Every species has an intrinsic value and moral duty to pass our biological legacy in good order to future generation. |
| 3 | Ethical argument | r | Receiving benefits like food, medicine & industrial products. |
An ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of ecology where the living organisms come in to interact with each other and the surrounding environment.
The structure of an ecosystem is distinguished by the organization of both biotic and abiotic components. This involves the distribution of energy in our environment. It also comprises the climatic conditions prevailing in that particular environment.
There are two main components of the structure of an ecosystem, namely:
The biotic and abiotic components are interconnected in an ecosystem. It is an open system where the energy and components can flow through the boundaries.