Concept:
Horizontal curves are classified by how their arcs and centres are arranged. The key clue in the definition is that the two arcs bend in opposite directions with their centres lying on opposite sides of the common tangent.
Step 1:
In a compound curve, two or more arcs of different radii turn in the same direction with their centres on the same side, so it does not match. A transition curve has a continuously changing radius and is used to ease a vehicle between a straight and a circular arc, so it does not match either.
Step 2:
A reverse curve consists of two circular arcs of equal or different radii that bend in opposite directions, meeting at a common tangent point with their centres on opposite sides of the curve. This exactly matches the given definition.
Answer: Option (2) — Reverse curve.