Question:
Which of the following options is/are means of first and last mile connectivity with respect to urban transit systems?
Which of the following options is/are means of first and last mile connectivity with respect to urban transit systems?
Show Hint
First/last mile modes are short, station-feeding trips (park and ride, IPT, bicycle sharing); long-distance intercity modes do not qualify.
Updated On: Aug 6, 2026
- Park and Ride
- Intermediate Public Transport
- Public Bicycle Sharing
- Intercity High-speed Rail
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Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is A, B, C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Question:
First and last mile connectivity refers to the short trip a commuter makes between their actual origin (home, office) and the nearest mass transit station, and again between the transit station and their final destination. Good first/last mile options make it easy to reach and leave transit stops without needing a private vehicle for the entire journey. The question asks which of the four listed options actually serve this short connecting trip.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
First/last mile modes share two features: they operate over short distances, typically under 2 to 3 km, and they feed passengers into or out of a mass transit line, metro, BRT, or suburban rail. Anything designed for long-distance, station-to-station or city-to-city travel is not a first/last mile mode, since it does not solve the short connecting trip problem at all.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Option (A), Park and Ride, lets a commuter drive their own vehicle to a transit station, park it there, and continue the rest of the trip by transit; this directly covers the first mile from home to the station. This is correct.
Option (B), Intermediate Public Transport (autos, shared vans, e-rickshaws), is exactly the flexible, short-hop, low-capacity mode used worldwide to move people the last short stretch between a transit stop and their exact doorstep. This is correct.
Option (C), Public Bicycle Sharing, lets a commuter pick up a shared cycle near a station and ride the last short distance to their destination, a widely adopted first/last mile solution in Indian cities. This is correct.
Option (D), Intercity High-speed Rail, connects one city to another over long distances; it is a main mode of the trip, not a connector between a station and a nearby origin or destination, so it does not serve first/last mile connectivity at all. This is wrong.
Step 4: Final Answer:
Park and Ride, Intermediate Public Transport, and Public Bicycle Sharing are all valid first and last mile connectivity options, so options (A), (B), and (C) are correct.
First and last mile connectivity refers to the short trip a commuter makes between their actual origin (home, office) and the nearest mass transit station, and again between the transit station and their final destination. Good first/last mile options make it easy to reach and leave transit stops without needing a private vehicle for the entire journey. The question asks which of the four listed options actually serve this short connecting trip.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
First/last mile modes share two features: they operate over short distances, typically under 2 to 3 km, and they feed passengers into or out of a mass transit line, metro, BRT, or suburban rail. Anything designed for long-distance, station-to-station or city-to-city travel is not a first/last mile mode, since it does not solve the short connecting trip problem at all.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Option (A), Park and Ride, lets a commuter drive their own vehicle to a transit station, park it there, and continue the rest of the trip by transit; this directly covers the first mile from home to the station. This is correct.
Option (B), Intermediate Public Transport (autos, shared vans, e-rickshaws), is exactly the flexible, short-hop, low-capacity mode used worldwide to move people the last short stretch between a transit stop and their exact doorstep. This is correct.
Option (C), Public Bicycle Sharing, lets a commuter pick up a shared cycle near a station and ride the last short distance to their destination, a widely adopted first/last mile solution in Indian cities. This is correct.
Option (D), Intercity High-speed Rail, connects one city to another over long distances; it is a main mode of the trip, not a connector between a station and a nearby origin or destination, so it does not serve first/last mile connectivity at all. This is wrong.
Step 4: Final Answer:
Park and Ride, Intermediate Public Transport, and Public Bicycle Sharing are all valid first and last mile connectivity options, so options (A), (B), and (C) are correct.
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