Question

Which of the following is known as power house of the cell?

• A. Nuclei
• B. Chloroplasts
• C. Ribosomes
• D. Mitochondria

Hint:

Mitochondria are responsible for ATP generation through oxidative phosphorylation. This makes them the primary energy producers in both plant and animal cells.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Eukaryotic cells contain specialized, membrane-bound structures called organelles that perform specific physiological and biochemical functions.
Organelles are often described using functional analogies that reflect their primary biochemical roles.
Detailed Explanation:
Let us review the primary functions of the organelles listed in the options:
- Nuclei: Contain the cell's genetic material (DNA) and serve as the control center for transcription, replication, and cellular division.
- Chloroplasts: Found in plant cells and are the site of photosynthesis, converting solar energy into chemical energy stored in carbohydrates.
- Ribosomes: Composed of RNA and proteins, they are the site of translation (protein synthesis).
- Mitochondria: Double-membrane organelles found in most eukaryotic cells. They are the site of the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) and oxidative phosphorylation. These pathways break down carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids to generate Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), which acts as the universal energy currency of the cell. Because of this role in energy production, mitochondria are known as the "powerhouse of the cell".

Step 2: Final Answer:
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.