Question:
Which of the following are warm season turf grasses?
(A). Cynodon dactylon
(B). Lolium perene
(C). Paspalum notatum
(D). Agrostis palustris
Which of the following are warm season turf grasses?
(A). Cynodon dactylon
(B). Lolium perene
(C). Paspalum notatum
(D). Agrostis palustris
(A). Cynodon dactylon
(B). Lolium perene
(C). Paspalum notatum
(D). Agrostis palustris
Show Hint
Warm-season turfgrasses include Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum), and Zoysia grass.
Cool-season turfgrasses include Bentgrass (Agrostis), Ryegrass (Lolium), and Bluegrass (Poa).
Cool-season turfgrasses include Bentgrass (Agrostis), Ryegrass (Lolium), and Bluegrass (Poa).
Updated On: Jul 31, 2026
- (A) and (B) only
- (A) and (C) only
- (B) and (D) only
- (C) and (D) only
Show Solution
Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Turfgrasses used in lawns, golf courses, and sports fields are classified into two physiological groups based on their temperature preferences and photosynthetic pathways: warm-season turfgrasses and cool-season turfgrasses.
Warm-season grasses utilize the \(\text{C}_4\) dicarboxylic acid photosynthetic pathway, making them highly efficient at high temperatures (\(25^\circ\text{C}\) to \(35^\circ\text{C}\)) and under intense sunlight.
Cool-season grasses utilize the \(\text{C}_3\) Calvin cycle pathway and thrive in temperate regions with moderate temperatures (\(15^\circ\text{C}\) to \(24^\circ\text{C}\)).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze each species to determine its ecological classification:
(A). Cynodon dactylon:
Commonly known as Bermuda grass, doob grass, or hariali, this is a highly durable warm-season \(\text{C}_4\) turfgrass.
It is drought-tolerant, enjoys full sunlight, and is widely used for home lawns, sports fields, and golf courses across tropical and subtropical regions.
Thus, (A) is a warm-season turfgrass.
(B). Lolium perenne:
Commonly known as perennial ryegrass, this is a cool-season \(\text{C}_3\) turfgrass.
It germinates quickly and is used in temperate lawns or for overseeding warm-season lawns during the winter.
Thus, (B) is a cool-season turfgrass.
(C). Paspalum notatum:
Commonly known as Bahia grass, this is a coarse-textured, low-maintenance warm-season \(\text{C}_4\) turfgrass native to subtropical regions.
It is highly resistant to heat, drought, and sandy soils.
Thus, (C) is a warm-season turfgrass.
(D). Agrostis palustris:
Commonly known as creeping bentgrass, this is a cool-season \(\text{C}_3\) turfgrass.
It is highly valued for putting greens in temperate golf courses because of its fine texture and tolerance to extremely close mowing.
Thus, (D) is a cool-season turfgrass.
Therefore, (A) and (C) are warm-season turfgrasses.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Hence, the correct option containing only warm-season turfgrasses is (B).
Turfgrasses used in lawns, golf courses, and sports fields are classified into two physiological groups based on their temperature preferences and photosynthetic pathways: warm-season turfgrasses and cool-season turfgrasses.
Warm-season grasses utilize the \(\text{C}_4\) dicarboxylic acid photosynthetic pathway, making them highly efficient at high temperatures (\(25^\circ\text{C}\) to \(35^\circ\text{C}\)) and under intense sunlight.
Cool-season grasses utilize the \(\text{C}_3\) Calvin cycle pathway and thrive in temperate regions with moderate temperatures (\(15^\circ\text{C}\) to \(24^\circ\text{C}\)).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze each species to determine its ecological classification:
(A). Cynodon dactylon:
Commonly known as Bermuda grass, doob grass, or hariali, this is a highly durable warm-season \(\text{C}_4\) turfgrass.
It is drought-tolerant, enjoys full sunlight, and is widely used for home lawns, sports fields, and golf courses across tropical and subtropical regions.
Thus, (A) is a warm-season turfgrass.
(B). Lolium perenne:
Commonly known as perennial ryegrass, this is a cool-season \(\text{C}_3\) turfgrass.
It germinates quickly and is used in temperate lawns or for overseeding warm-season lawns during the winter.
Thus, (B) is a cool-season turfgrass.
(C). Paspalum notatum:
Commonly known as Bahia grass, this is a coarse-textured, low-maintenance warm-season \(\text{C}_4\) turfgrass native to subtropical regions.
It is highly resistant to heat, drought, and sandy soils.
Thus, (C) is a warm-season turfgrass.
(D). Agrostis palustris:
Commonly known as creeping bentgrass, this is a cool-season \(\text{C}_3\) turfgrass.
It is highly valued for putting greens in temperate golf courses because of its fine texture and tolerance to extremely close mowing.
Thus, (D) is a cool-season turfgrass.
Therefore, (A) and (C) are warm-season turfgrasses.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Hence, the correct option containing only warm-season turfgrasses is (B).
Was this answer helpful?
0
0
Top ICAR AIEEA Horticulture Questions
- In banana:
Statement (A): Bunch feeding is a simple and low-cost method.
Statement (B): It is the direct way to supply nutrients to the bunch.
Statement (C): Only micronutrients can be given through this method.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below. - The softwood grafting
Statement (I): Is done with mature, procured scion on the emerging soft, coppery-red shoot of the rootstock, which is 60-70 days old.
Statement (II): Is used for raising desired varieties of mango, sapota, tamarind and cashew.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. - Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): In garlic modified roots are economic part.
Statement (II): Characteristic odour in garlic is due to volatile organic sulfur-containing compounds that are rapidly produced upon tissue damage and diffuse into the air.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. - Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): The flowers of ridge gourd start opening in the evening and remain open throughout the night.
Statement (II): Pollination of ridge gourd is done in the day time.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. - Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): The first gynoecious based hybrid of bitter gourd is Pusa Hybrid-4 developed by ICAR-IARI, New Delhi.
Statement (II): The male:female ratio of the gynoecious based hybrids of bitter gourd is 25:1.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
View More Questions
Top ICAR AIEEA Garden Features Questions
- Best orientation in single hedge row is?
- Who has completed the garden at Amber fort, Jaipur, Rajasthan?
- Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): Garden suburbs are nothing but satellite townships developed among parks and avenues.
Statement (II): In the old congested cities, bio-aesthetic planning can be achieved by developing garden suburbs on the outskirts of the city easily approachable by vehicles.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: - Which of the following architect has given the concept of bio-aesthetic planning?
- Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): Lawn grass, Cynodon dactylon L. is most widely used on lawn, roadsides, parks, school ground, playgrounds, golf courses and other areas where a close mown dense turf is required.
Statement (II): Cynodon dactylon L., Stenotaphrum secundatum and Paspalum notatum are cool season grasses and highly suitable for lawn making in cool areas.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
View More Questions
Top ICAR AIEEA Questions
- Which of the following statements is false?
- Which of the following is an example of an inventory?
- According to Adam Smith, productivity gains could be brought about through .
- The supply curve for an artificially scarce good is .
- Which of the following would not be considered an opportunity cost of paid employment?
View More Questions