Question

The mileage of a vehicle at a speed of 50 kmph is 60 kmpl. If the speed is above 50 kmph, for every rise of 5 kmph in the speed, mileage decreases by 2 kmpl. If a man travels 300 km at a uniform speed, how many litres of petrol will the vehicle consume?
Statement 1: He travels a distance of 300 km at a uniform speed of 75 kmph
Statement 2: The mileage of a vehicle at a speed of 75 kmph is 50 kmpl

• A. If the data in statement (1) alone is sufficient to answer the question
• B. If the data in statement (2) alone is sufficient to answer the question
• C. If the data in both the statements together are needed to answer the question
• D. If either statement (1) alone or statement (2) alone is sufficient to answer the question

Hint:

Litres = 300 / mileage. Statement 1 gives the speed to plug into the formula; statement 2 gives the mileage directly.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understand what value unlocks the answer.
Litres consumed = distance divided by mileage = \(300 / \text{mileage}\).
The mileage formula in the question tells us how mileage falls as speed rises above 50 kmph: for every extra 5 kmph, mileage drops by 2 kmpl from the base 60 kmpl. So knowing either the man's speed (and using the formula) or his mileage directly is enough.

Step 2: Check statement 1 alone.
Statement 1 says he travels the 300 km at a uniform speed of 75 kmph.
75 kmph is \(75-50=25\) kmph above 50, which is \(25/5=5\) steps of 5 kmph each, so mileage drops by \(5 \times 2 = 10\) kmpl from 60, giving \(60-10=50\) kmpl.
Litres consumed = \(300/50 = 6\) litres. This is one clear number, so statement 1 alone is sufficient.

Step 3: Check statement 2 alone.
Statement 2 directly states the mileage of the vehicle at 75 kmph is 50 kmpl, the same speed the trip is described at and the same mileage the formula would give at that speed.
Using this mileage straightaway: litres consumed = \(300/50 = 6\) litres. This is again one clear number, so statement 2 alone is also sufficient.

Final Answer:
Both statements independently identify the mileage at the man's travelling speed and lead to the same 6 litres, so either statement alone is sufficient. \[ \boxed{\text{d - either statement alone is sufficient, 6 litres}} \]