In the original 42-litre mixture, Chemical A and B are in a 4:3 ratio, so out of 7 total parts, A makes up \(\dfrac{4}{7} \times 42 = 24\) litres and B makes up \(\dfrac{3}{7} \times 42 = 18\) litres.
After adding 12 more litres of B, the new amount of B becomes \(18+12=30\) litres, while A stays at 24 litres.
The new ratio A:B is \(24:30\), which simplifies down to \(4:5\), matching option 1.